The utility of radiology as a screening test for TB in this patient group, however, remains limited.”
“Two isozymes of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases (EC 1.1.1.42) exist in mammalian tissues: mitochondrial (ICD1) and cytosolic (ICD2). Effects of polyamines such as spermine, spermidine, and putrescine on the cytosolic and mitochondrial NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenases were analyzed kinetically. Spermine activated ICD2, the cytosolic NADP-isocitrate AMN-107 purchase dehydrogenase from rat liver with the increase in the maximal velocity and the decrease in the affinity for the substrates isocitrate and NADP. The activating action of spermine can be

explained by “”the uncompetitive effect,”" and the dissociation SB273005 in vivo constant of spermine for the enzyme-substrate complex was determined to be 1.68 mM. Spermidine and putrescine showed little or no effect. ICD1, the mitochondrial form of NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase from rat and porcine heart was inhibited by spermine

effectively, and by spermidine and putrescine to a lesser extent. Spermine inhibited the enzyme competitively with respect to NADP, and noncompetitively with respect to isocitrate. Ki value of the enzyme for spermine was 1.3 mM. These results suggest that activation by spermine of cytosolic NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase can enhance the antioxidant activity by regeneration of GSH, and further is responsible for the stimulation of lipid biosynthesis in cytosol. Spermine may contribute to NADPH supply by enhancing transhydrogenase (EC1.6.1.2) activity through the spermine-dependent activation of Ca2+-incorporation to mitochondria. (c) 2012 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.”
“OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience of strengthening laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in a resource-limited country with high TB-HIV (human immunodeficiency

virus) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) prevalence.

METHODS: In the Kingdom of Lesotho, which is confronted with high levels of TB, MDR-TB and HIV prevalence, between 2006 and 2008 a coalition of the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, Partners In Health and the World Health Organization renovated the GS-7977 order National TB Reference Laboratory and reinforced microscopy services, streamlined conventional culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) and introduced modern TB diagnostic methods.

FINDINGS: It was feasible to establish a biosafety level three facility for solid culture and DST and an external quality assessment programme for smear microscopy within 4 months, all in 2007. Liquid culture and DST were introduced a month later. Preliminary results were comparable to those found in laboratories in industrialised countries. A year later, line-probe assay for the rapid detection of MDR-TB was introduced.

Results: Panobinostat price From the seeding parasitaemia of 0.5%, the parasites doubled every 48 hours to a parasitaemia of 4%. Thereafter, the growth stagnated and the culture consistently crashed at about 6% parasitaemia. Delta Psi(m) potential collapsed as the parasite density increased and DNA fragmentation increased steadily from 0.2% to similar to 6%. The expression of metacaspase gene and protein was observed in all stages, but their abundance was variable among the stages.

Conclusion: These findings suggest

existence of P. falciparum quorum sensing that keep the parasite population under check.”
“Plant cell walls and their polymers are regulated during plant development, but the specific roles of their molecular components are still unclear,

as well as the functional meaning of wall changes in different cell types and processes. In this work the in situ analysis of the distribution of different cell wall components was performed during two developmental programmes, gametophytic pollen development, which is a differentiation process, and stress-induced pollen embryogenesis, which involves proliferation followed by differentiation processes. The changes in cell wall polymers were compared with a system of plant cell proliferation and differentiation, the root apical meristem. The analysis was also carried out during the first stages of zygotic embryogenesis. Specific antibodies recognizing the major cell wall polymers, xyloglucan Fludarabine cell line (XG) and the rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) pectin domain, and antibodies against high- and low-methyl-esterified pectins were used for both dot-blot and immunolocalization with light and electron microscopy. The results showed differences in the distribution pattern of these molecular complexes, as well as in the proportion of esterified and non-esterified pectins in the two pollen selleck chemicals developmental pathways.

Highly esterified pectins were characteristics of proliferation, whereas high levels of the non-esterified pectins, XG and RGII were abundant in walls of differentiating cells. Distribution patterns similar to those of pollen embryos were found in zygotic embryos. The wall changes reported are characteristic of proliferation and differentiation events as markers of these processes that take place during pollen development and embryogenesis.”
“Polyamide 6 (PA 6) and hydrogenated nitrile rubber (H-NBR) were blended with various blend ratios in a brabender plasticoder at 240 degrees C/100 rpm. The processing characteristics with a mixing torque of the blends were investigated. The effect of the blend ratio on physical properties such as tensile strength, Young’s modulus, elongation at break, permanent set, hardness, and swelling behavior of blends was analyzed.

Grain 5-Fluoracil chemical structure boundaries with low interface energy are concluded to be preferable to weaken recombination activity by the gettering process and improvement of solar cell performance based on mc-Si. c 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3544208]“
“Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate treatment outcome of mandibular advancement devices (MADs) for positional and nonpositional obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Study design.

Forty-two positional (supine apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] >= 2 times lateral AHI) and 30 nonpositional (supine AHI < 2 times lateral AHI) OSA patients performed 2-nights of sleep study before and after insertion of MADs.

Results. The decreases in apnea severity based on a reduction in the overall and supine AHI values after MADs therapy were

significantly greater for the positional OSA than nonpositional OSA group. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that decrease in overall AHI was significantly associated with being in the positional group (standardized coefficient = 0.505). Age, body mass index, gender, and time in supine position during sleep did not show significant associations with decrease in overall AHI after MAD therapy.

Conclusion. Our data suggest that MADs are more effective in positional OSA than nonpositional OSA patients. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 109: 724-731)”
“Plasma-induced damage to porous SiOCH Adriamycin mw (p-SiOCH) films during organic resist film ashing using dual-frequency capacitively Panobinostat in vivo coupled O(2) plasmas was investigated using the pallet for plasma evaluation method developed by our group. The damage was characterized by

ellipsometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Individual and synergetic damage associated with vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and UV radiation, radicals, and ions in the O(2) plasma were clarified. It was found that the damage was caused not only by radicals but also by synergetic reactions of radicals with VUV and UV radiation emitted by the plasmas. It is noteworthy that the damage induced by plasma exposure without ion bombardment was larger than the damage with ion bombardment. These results differed from those obtained using an H(2)/N(2) plasma for resist ashing. Finally, the mechanism of damage to p-SiOCH caused by O(2) and H(2)/N(2) plasma ashing of organic resist films is discussed. These results are very important in understanding the mechanism of plasma-induced damage to p-SiOCH films. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3544304]“
“Objective. This study compares synchronous oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) with single primary OSCCs to assess the histopathologic parameters with a known prognostic significance.

Study design. Twenty-eight cases of synchronous OSCCs and a control group of single primary OSCCs were compared for 15 histologic prognostic variables.

Results.

The formation of thiophene structure from lithium and potassium buta-2,3-dienimidothioates in two steps via intramolecular cyclization to thiophen-2(5H)-ylidene anion and its isomerization into thienylamide was found to be more probable. The activation barriers in both stepwise and concerted cyclization mechanisms considerably selleckchem decrease in going from lithium to potassium as counterion.”
“Objective: To compare the functional capacity of “”asymptomatic”" patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) with normative values of

healthy age-matched subjects.

Methods: Eighteen asymptomatic patients with PHPT met the study inclusion criteria: age >55 years, serum calcium concentration elevated <= 1 mg/dL above normal, inappropriate elevation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) level, and no objective symptoms of PHPT. Functional capacity was assessed by (1) a 6-minute walk test, (2) time to complete 2 sit-to-stand maneuvers, (3) gait velocity, and (4) forward reach. Serum calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and PTH levels were measured by standard laboratory assays. Functional outcomes of the study patients were compared with age-matched normative values (unpaired t test) and correlated with these biomarkers. Because these patients often have weakness, fatigue, and malaise, we hypothesized that their functional capacity would be compromised relative to that of healthy, age-matched MLN4924 ic50 persons.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 65.6 years, and the mean

serum calcium, PTH, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (and standard deviations) were 10.36 +/- 0.37 mg/dL, 122.22 +/- 39.54 pg/mL, and 44.4 +/- 14.27 ng/mL, respectively. Relative to normative values of healthy, age-matched subjects, these patients had comparable 6-minute walk distances but required a 37% longer time to complete a repeated sit-to-stand maneuver (P<.05), demonstrated a 52% slower gait speed (P<.001), and had a greater forward reach (P = .05).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that older asymptomatic patients with PHPT may have significant Transmembrane Transporters inhibitor functional deficits that can affect their safety and quality of life. Therefore, their functional capacity should be routinely evaluated, and identified deficits should be treated with appropriate interventions. (Endocr Pract. 2012;18: 450-455)”
“Two freshwater microalgae including Chlamydomonas mexicana and Scenedesmus obliquus were grown on Bold Basal Medium (BBM) with different levels of salinity up to 100 mM NaCl. The dry biomass and lipid content of microalgae were improved as the concentration of NaCl increased from 0 to 25 mM. Highest dry weight (0.8 and 0.65 g/L) and lipid content (37 and 34 %) of C. mexicana and S. obliquus, respectively, were obtained in BBM amended with 25 mM NaCl. The fatty acid composition of the investigated species was also improved by the increased NaCl concentration. At 50 mM, NaCl palmitic acid (35 %) and linoleic acid (41 %) were the dominant fatty acids in C.

The increased hydrophilicity and surface area of the e-beam-sterilized fiber were reflected by a greater water evaporation rate than that of the ETO- treated fiber. These results demonstrate that common sterilization methods may significantly and distinctly alter the polymer membrane physicochemical properties, which may, in turn, impact the performance and, in particular, surface fouling. For tissue engineering and bioprocessing applications, these changes may be leveraged

to promote cell adhesion and spreading. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 119: 3429-3436, 2011″
“The nonparabolic Schrodinger equation for electrons in quantum cascade lasers MI-503 (QCLs) is a cubic eigenvalue problem (EVP) which cannot be solved directly. While a

method for linearizing this cubic EVP has been proposed in principle for quantum dots [Hwang et al., Math. Comput. Modell., 40, 519 (2004)] it was deemed too computationally expensive because of the three-dimensional geometry under consideration. We adapt this linearization approach to the one-dimensional geometry of QCLs, and arrive S3I-201 price at a direct and exact solution to the cubic EVP. The method is then compared with the well established shooting method, and it is shown to be more accurate and reliable for calculating the bandstructure of mid-infrared QCLs. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3512981]“
“Six MaMADS-box genes have been cloned from the banana fruit cultivar Grand Nain. The similarity of these genes to tomato LeRIN is low and neither MaMADS2 nor MaMADS1 complement the tomato rin mutation. Nevertheless, the expression patterns, specifically in fruit and the induction during ripening and in response to ethylene and 1-MCP, suggest that some of these genes may participate in ripening. MaMADS1, 2, and 3, are highly expressed in fruit only, while the others

are expressed in fruit as well as in other organs. Moreover, the suites of MaMADS-box genes and their temporal expression differ in peel and pulp during ripening. In the pulp, the increase in MaMADS2, 3, 4, and 5 expression preceded an increase in ethylene production, but coincides with the CO(2) peak. However, MaMADS1 expression in pulp coincided with ethylene production, but a massive increase in its expression occurred late during ripening, together with A-1210477 chemical structure a second wave in the expression of MaMADS2, 3, and 4. In the peel, on the other hand, an increase in expression of MaMADS1, 3, and to a lesser degree also of MaMADS4 and 2 coincided with an increase in ethylene production. Except MaMADS3, which was induced by ethylene in pulp and peel, only MaMADS4, and 5 in pulp and MaMADS1 in peel were induced by ethylene. 1-MCP applied at the onset of the increase in ethylene production, increased the levels of MaMADS4 and MaMADS1 in pulp, while it decreased MaMADS1, 3, 4, and 5 in peel, suggesting that MaMADS4 and MaMADS1 are negatively controlled by ethylene at the onset of ethylene production only in pulp.

Specifically, these studies have examined whether emotional arousal may have a differential effect on the cognitive and stimulus-response habit memory processes sub-served by the hippocampus and dorsal striatum, respectively.

Evidence indicates that stress or the peripheral injection of anxiogenic drugs can bias animals and humans toward the use of striatal-dependent habit memory in dual-solution tasks in which both hippocampal and striatal-based strategies can provide an adequate solution. A bias toward the use of habit EPZ-6438 order memory can also be produced by intra-basolateral amygdala (BLA) administration of anxiogenic drugs, consistent with the well documented role of efferent projections of this brain region in mediating the modulatory influence of emotional arousal on memory. In some learning situations, the bias toward the use of habit memory produced by emotional arousal appears to result from an impairing effect on hippocampus-dependent cognitive memory. Further research examining the neural mechanisms linking emotion and the relative use of multiple memory systems should prove useful in view of the potential role for maladaptive habitual behaviors in various human psychopathologies.”
“Purpose: To investigate the chemical composition and antitumor activity of the petroleum ether extract of EVP4593 molecular weight the dried ripe fruits of Brucea javanica.

Methods: The composition

of petroleum ether extract was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) and their antitumor activities were determined by MTT assay.

Results: GC/MS

spectrometry results indicate that the petroleum ether extract was a mixture of esters, fatty acids, sterides, pregnanones, terpenes, alkaloids, alkenes, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes and other compounds. The results also revealed the significant antitumor activity PXD101 chemical structure of the extract with IC50 of 9.14, 12.45, 15.15, 16.13, 22.26, and 27.97 mu g/mL against A549, CNE, MCF-7, NCI-H460, HepG2, and KB-3-1 cell lines, respectively.

Conclusion: The study establishes the chemical composition and cytotoxic activity of the petroleum ether extract of the plant fruits. There is need for further investigations to isolate more potent compounds and structurally modify the known compounds to retain activity and lower toxicity and thus lead to the possible development of Brucea javanica oil.”
“The undertreatment of pain in older adults who reside in long-term care (LTC) facilities has been well documented, leading to clinical guideline development and professional educational programs designed to foster better pain assessment and management in this population. Despite these efforts, little improvement has occurred, and we postulate that focused attention to public policy and cost implications of systemic change is required to create positive pain-related outcomes.

Our initial analysis indicate that incorporation of electron withdrawing group at ortho position of the ring favors over the meta and para positions for eliciting its cytostatic effect. Overall, the in vitro biological evaluation suggests that the growth inhibitory effect of CI is promising and can be studied further.”
“Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common inherited periodic fever syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of serositis.

Recently, a few studies have suggested that FMF is related to increased risk of atherosclerosis. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is Z-DEVD-FMK manufacturer a marker of platelet activation. Larger platelets are associated with increased atherosclerosis risk. The aim of the study is to evaluate levels of MPV in pediatric FMF patients during and between attacks. The study consisted of 48 patients during an attack (group 1), 63 patients in attack-free period (at least 2 weeks after an attack, group 2), and 49 Emricasan chemical structure healthy controls (group 3). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, platelet count (PLT), and MPV levels were retrospectively recorded from the computerized patient database. Mean platelet volume was significantly lower in FMF patients during attack than in attack-free period (p = 0.00); however, there was no difference among attack-free patients and healthy controls (p = 0.38). The mean platelet counts of FMF

patients during attack were higher than the healthy controls (p = 0.02). There was an inverse correlation between MPV and mean PLT in the attack-free period (r = -446, p = 0.01). This study suggests that an early atherosclerosis marker, MPV, is not elevated

in pediatric FMF patients on colchicine treatment.”
“P>Osmotic stress imposed by soil salinity and drought stress significantly affects plant growth and development, but osmotic stress sensing and tolerance mechanisms are not well understood. Forward genetic screens using a root-bending assay have previously identified salt overly sensitive (sos) mutants of Arabidopsis that fall into five loci, SOS1 to SOS5. These loci are required for the regulation of ion homeostasis or cell expansion under salt stress, but do not play a major role A-1155463 mw in plant tolerance to the osmotic stress component of soil salinity or drought. Here we report an additional sos mutant, sos6-1, which defines a locus essential for osmotic stress tolerance. sos6-1 plants are hypersensitive to salt stress and osmotic stress imposed by mannitol or polyethylene glycol in culture media or by water deficit in the soil. SOS6 encodes a cellulose synthase-like protein, AtCSLD5. Only modest differences in cell wall chemical composition could be detected, but we found that sos6-1 mutant plants accumulate high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under osmotic stress and are hypersensitive to the oxidative stress reagent methyl viologen.

There were five AEFs including the recipient Prexasertib cell line mentioned above. Four had a failed allograft and three had discontinued

immunosuppression. The final case had a clamp injury to the proximal common iliac artery that fistulized to the donor duodenum. The management, course and outcome of all nine recipients are described in detail.

Conclusion: Vascular catastrophes such as PA and AEF are potentially life-threatening complications of pancreas transplantation. Immediate treatment at the time of bleeding is essential and covered stenting of the involved artery may provide immediate vascular control in these situations.”
“Using the density functional calculations, we elucidate the nature of (110)- and (001)-oriented LaxSr1-xMnO3/SrTiO3 ultrathin superlattices with different La concentrations. In comparison to the (001)-oriented

superlattice, the (110)-oriented one keeps ferromagnetic and half-metallic in a wider x range and has much greater exchange energy at the same La concentration, verifying previous experimental results. The significant advantages of the (110) superlattice is the result of the uniform distribution of the e(g) states in the 110 superlattice. We also find that the exchange energy is not sensitive to the strain between the layers. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3594241]“
“Background: An investigational vaccine against serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) disease containing 3 main recombinant proteins (factor H-binding protein, Neisserial adhesion A, and Neisserial heparin-binding antigen) has been developed. selleck screening library We evaluated the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a 3-dose course of this vaccine administered alone (recombinant MenB [rMenB]) or combined with the outer membrane vesicle (OMV) component of the vaccine used in New Zealand (rMenB+OMV).

Methods: A randomized, single-blind, comparative study of 60 healthy infants enrolled at 6 to 8 months of age and immunized with rMenB or rMenB+OMV at day 0, day 60, and at age 12 months. Blood samples obtained at baseline and 1 month following the second and third doses of

vaccine were analyzed for serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) using human HDAC inhibitor complement (hSBA) against 7 MenB strains. The putative correlate of protection was an hSBA titer of >= 4.

Results: The per-protocol analysis included 24 of 30 participants randomized to each group. After 3 doses of rMenB+OMV, 90% or more of participants had an hSBA titer >= 4 for 5 MenB strains, with 70% of participants having an hSBA titer >= 4 for a sixth strain. rMenB alone was immunogenic for only 3 strains. Both vaccines were well tolerated.

Conclusions: Three doses of rMenB+OMV in the second half of infancy induce bactericidal antibodies against strains expressing vaccine antigens, demonstrating the potential for broader vaccine prevention of MenB disease. This vaccine is now in phase III clinical trials.

While extrinsic AD is the classical type with high prevalence, the incidence of intrinsic AD is approximately 20% with female predominance. The clinical features of intrinsic AD include relative late onset, milder severity, and Dennie-Morgan folds, but

no ichthyosis vulgris or palmar hyperlinearity. The skin barrier is perturbed in the extrinsic, but not intrinsic type. Filaggrin gene mutations are not a feature of intrinsic AD. The intrinsic type is immunologically characterized by the lower expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and the higher expression of interferon-gamma. It is suggested that intrinsic AD patients are not sensitized with protein allergens, which induce Th2 responses, but with other antigens, and metals might be one of the candidates selleck of such antigens. (C) 2010 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“A significant number of women with migraine has to face the choice of reliable hormonal contraception during their fertile life. Combined hormonal contraceptives

(CHCs) may be used in the majority of women with headache and migraine. However, they carry a small, but significant vascular risk, especially in migraine with aura (MA) and, eventually in migraine PF-6463922 without aura (MO) with additional risk factors for stroke (smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and thrombophilia, age over 35 years). Guidelines recommend progestogen-only contraception as an alternative safer option because it does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and ischemic stroke.

Potentially, the maintenance of stable estrogen level by the administration of progestins in ovulation inhibiting dosages may have a positive influence of nociceptive threshold in women with migraine. Preliminary

evidences based on headache diaries in migraineurs suggest that the progestin-only pill containing desogestrel Tariquidar research buy 75 mu g has a positive effect on the course of both MA and MO in the majority of women, reducing the number of days with migraine, the number of analgesics and the intensity of associated symptoms. Further prospective trials have to be performed to confirm that progestogen-only contraception may be a better option for the management of both migraine and birth control. Differences between MA and MO should also be taken into account in further studies.”
“In expansion cooling phase of pinched nitrogen plasma generated by fast capillary discharge, it might be possible to realize lasing a Blamer alpha recombination SXRL, which requires a rapid cooling of nonequilibrium plasma.

All 3 tests responded to the gradient of sleeping proximity to the index case. Neither TST nor IGRA results were confounded by BCG vaccination. There was moderate agreement (kappa = 0.40-0.68) between all 3 tests. Combination of either IGRA with TST increased sensitivity (by 9.3%-9.6%) especially in contacts in the highest exposure category but was

associated with loss of specificity (9.9%-11.3%).

Conclusion: IGRAs and TST are similar in their diagnostic performance for LTBI. An approximate 10% sensitivity benefit for using the TST and an IGRA in combination is associated with a slightly greater specificity loss. find more Testing strategies combining an IGRA and TST with an “”or”" statement may be useful only in situations where there is a high pretest probability of latent infection.”
“Ultrananocrystalline

diamond (UNCD) films were implanted by oxygen ion and annealed at different temperatures. The electrical and structrual properties of O(+)-implanted UNCD films were investigated by Hall effects, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and uv Raman spectroscopy measurements. The results show that O(+)-implanted nano-sized Pexidartinib manufacturer diamond grains annealed at 800 degrees C and above give n-type conductivity to the sample and the UNCD film exhibits n-type resistivity with the carrier mobility of 1 similar to 11 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). With O(+) dose increasing from 10(15) to 10(16) cm(-2), diamond phase transits to the amorphous carbon phase accompanied by n-type semiconduction transforming to metallic conduction. In the 10(14) cm(-2) O(+)-implanted UNCD film, some amorphous carbon at grain boundaries transits to diamond phase with annealing temperature (T(a)) increasing from 500 degrees C to 800-900 degrees C, and some of diamond grains are found to be converted to amorphous carbon phase again after 1000 degrees C annealing.

This phase transition is closely relative to the n-type conductivity of the UNCD films, in which n-type conductivity increases with the amorphous carbon phase transiting to diamond phase in the T(a) range of 500-900 degrees C, and it decreases with diamond phase transiting to amorphous carbon phase in the case AZD1480 of 1000 degrees C annealing. It is indicated that the O(+)-implanted nano-sized diamond grains dominantly control the n-type conductivity of UNCD film in the Ta range of 800-900 degrees C, while the grain-boundary-conduction controls the n-type conductivty in UNCD film annealed at 1000 degrees C. In this case, a novel conduction mechanism that O(+)-implanted nano-sized diamond grains supply n-type conductivity and the amorphous carbon grain boundaries give a current path to the UNCD films is proposed. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3556741]“
“This study was performed to determine the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract of Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil.