Most of the neuronal migration is completed by midgestation. The second part of the gestation corresponds to the development of the connectivity and sulcation, of the maturation of the oligodendrocytic lineage and of the microglia, and of the

vascular bed in the parenchyma beyond the germinal matrix.

In this paper, the main processes of the developmental anatomy of the premature brain are reviewed, and are correlated with the findings in a prospective series of 105 premature infants born between 24 and 32 weeks of gestation, and serially examined with MR imaging at birth, at term-equivalent age, at 2 years, and at 4 years. Special emphasis was placed (1) on the intraventricular hemorrhage because of the resulting destruction of the germinal matrix and its NF-��B inhibitor impact on the late cellular production, (2) on the periventricular venous hemorrhagic infarction because of the selective destruction of the intermediate zone which is associated, and (3) on the apparently perivenous punctate

lesions of the white matter because they involve the intermediate zone also, because they have no Defactinib convincing explanation yet, and because the microglia seems to be associated with their pathogenesis.

These deep venous injuries appear to preserve the subplate zone, which is likely to be a significant element to consider in the perspective of the neurodevelopmental outcome.”
“The formation of viable angiosperm seeds involves the co-ordinated growth and development of three genetically distinct organisms, the maternally derived seed coat and the zygotic embryo and endosperm. The

physical relationships of these tissues are initially established during the specification and differentiation of the female gametophyte within the tissues of the developing ovule. The molecular programmes implicated in both ovule and seed development EPZ015666 cost involve elements of globally important pathways (such as auxin signalling), as well as ovule- and seed-specific pathways. Recurrent themes, such as the precisely controlled death of specific cell types and the regulation of cell-cell communication and nutrition by the selective establishment of symplastic and apoplastic barriers, appear to play key roles in both pre- and post-fertilization seed development. Much of post-fertilization seed growth occurs during a key developmental window shortly after fertilization and involves the dramatic expansion of the young endosperm, constrained by surrounding maternal tissues. The complex tissue-specific regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in specific seed compartments has been shown to provide a driving force for this early seed expansion. The embryo, which is arguably the most important component of the seed, appears to be only minimally involved in early seed development.