In beech-dominated stands, the ratio of lying to total dead wood was more or less constant

at 75%; in oak-dominated stands, this ratio was related to the length of time non-intervention had occurred, rising from <50% in recently assigned areas to 75% in the long-established Selleck AC220 sites. It is concluded that in the absence of major disturbances, dead wood accumulation in man-made forests left to develop freely is a slow process. It may take a very long time to achieve the average amount and dynamic steady state of dead wood as described for virgin forests in Central Europe. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Synchronous primary colon and renal cancer is a rare but real clinical entity reported with variable incidence. An 81-year-old man admitted

for abdominal pain and melena Epigenetics inhibitor is diagnosed with right colic tumor by colonoscopy and with simultaneous right kidney tumor by CT-scan. The patient is adequately prepared and scheduled for laparotomy. Both tumors are resected in the same surgical session with curative intent – right hemicolectomy and right radical nephrectomy. The patient recovered well and was discharged after 10 postoperative days. The microscopic examination indicated an adenocarcinoma in the sigmoid and a clear cell renal carcinoma in the kidney. Immunohistochemical staining did not find any compatibility between those tumors. The patient started chemotherapy and is under appropriate oncologic follow-up. Modern investigations allow detection of simultaneous malignancies making possible the planned simultaneous resection of both. Histopathologic examination will proof the diagnosis of primary different malignancies.”
“To further understand the nature of the visual-spatial representations required for successful acquisition of written language skills, we investigated the written language abilities selleck products of two individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) a developmental genetic disorder in which the

presence of severe visual-spatial developmental delays and deficits has been well established. Using a case study approach, we examined the relationship between reading achievement and general cognitive ability, phonological skills, and visual-spatial skills for the two individuals. We found that, despite the strong similarity between the two individuals in terms of their verbal and non-verbal cognitive abilities and their phonological abilities (as well as chronological age and educational opportunities), their reading and spelling abilities differed by more than 5 grade levels. We present evidence that the difference in written language performance was likely to be due to differences in the severity and nature of their visual-spatial impairment.