97 Ale   Dolfin nostril 1996, The Netherlands 22149 CBS 116883 Ale   Soil 2003, Korea *WT: wild-type, **M: mutant, IA: invasive aspergillosis. Culture conditions In order to optimize the growth condition for the characterization of protein selleck chemical extracts from A. fumigatus, eight culture conditions were selected: two temperatures corresponding Bromosporine purchase to those used for sample cultures in medical mycology (25°C and 37°C), two media (modified Sabouraud and modified Czapeck), and two oxygenation conditions (static and shaken cultures). Modified Sabouraud medium consisted of dextrose 20 g/l, neopeptone 10 g/l, MgSO4 0.5 g/l,

KH2PO4 0.5 g/l, oligoelements solution 1 ml of the following solution: H3BO3 58 mg/l, CuCl2. 2H2O 270 mg/l, MnCl2.4H2O 78 mg/l, ZnCl2 4.2 mg/l, FeCl2.4H2O 3 mg/l, (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O 0.2%. Modified Czapek medium consisted of saccharose 15 g/l, yeast CB-839 manufacturer nitrogen base 1 g/l, brain heart 1 g/l, NaNO3 3 g/l, K2HPO4 1 g/l, KCl 0.5 g/l, MgSO4 0.5 g/l, FeSO4.7H2O 0.01 g/l). Both media were home-made. The strains were grown at 25°C for seven days and at 37°C for four days. The oxygenation conditions corresponded to static culture (Roux Flasks) and to shaken culture (gyratory shaker at 150 rpm). Preparation of fungal protein extracts Fungal mycelium and conidia were collected

from Roux flask and filtered on a folded Whatman filter (Schleicher & Schuell 10311853). Shaken cultures were also filtered in the same conditions to separate growth medium from mycelium. Somatic proteins were mechanically extracted from the fungus mycelium with Ultraturrax in NH4HCO3 buffer 0.4%, shaken overnight at 4°C and centrifuged

at 10 000 g. The supernatant was concentrated with Amicon Ultra UFC900324 (Millipore, USA). The amount of protein was estimated by colorimetry (Biophotometer Eppendorf) using QuickStart Bradford Dye Reagent (Bio-Rad protein assay 500-0205) with Bovine Serum Albumin as standard (Bio-Rad 500-026). The average IKBKE of protein fraction in the extracts was 60% to 70% (wt/wt). The metabolic extracts were directly concentrated from the culture medium with Amicon Ultra. The extracts were freeze dried for long-term stability (freeze dryer Christ Epsilon 1D, Germany). In order to assess the variability of the protein expression, the extracts from the strains listed in Table 1 were prepared from three cultures performed simultaneously and from two to four cultures performed at different days. SELDI-TOF-MS analysis To analyze the fungal spectra using SELDI-TOF-MS, the extracts were applied to weak cation exchange (CM10), normal silicate surface (NP20), reverse phase (H50), strong anion exchange (Q10) and immobilized metal affinity capture (IMAC30-Cu2 or IMAC30-Zn2) ProteinChips® in 96-sample bioprocessors (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA). All these surfaces were tested in order to select those retaining a large number of fungal compounds with a good resolution.