The capacity for trees to survive over very long periods also means that they have Verubecestat cell line to cope with repeated environmental stresses as drought or flooding, heat, fire or freezing temperatures, excess light etc. In addition, the clonal nature of many populations makes them more susceptible to various pathogens. Many of these stresses (be there biotic or abiotic) are accompanied by an oxidative stress as in other living species. In order to withstand environmental constraints, trees rely on antioxidant

networks and signalling pathways that are generally exacerbated in plants compared to other living organisms, perhaps because plants also perform photosynthesis and thus produce excess oxygen in their chloroplasts leading to larger concentrations of reactive oxygen species. Perhaps as a consequence but also because of additional duplication events, the genome of poplar contains a much larger number of genes (ca. 45,000) than non photosynthetic genomes (human 20,000–25,000 {Selleck Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleck Antiinfection Compound Library|Selleck Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleck Antiinfection Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleckchem Antiinfection Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleckchem Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|buy Anti-infection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library ic50|Anti-infection Compound Library price|Anti-infection Compound Library cost|Anti-infection Compound Library solubility dmso|Anti-infection Compound Library purchase|Anti-infection Compound Library manufacturer|Anti-infection Compound Library research buy|Anti-infection Compound Library order|Anti-infection Compound Library mouse|Anti-infection Compound Library chemical structure|Anti-infection Compound Library mw|Anti-infection Compound Library molecular weight|Anti-infection Compound Library datasheet|Anti-infection Compound Library supplier|Anti-infection Compound Library in vitro|Anti-infection Compound Library cell line|Anti-infection Compound Library concentration|Anti-infection Compound Library nmr|Anti-infection Compound Library in vivo|Anti-infection Compound Library clinical trial|Anti-infection Compound Library cell assay|Anti-infection Compound Library screening|Anti-infection Compound Library high throughput|buy Antiinfection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library ic50|Antiinfection Compound Library price|Antiinfection Compound Library cost|Antiinfection Compound Library solubility dmso|Antiinfection Compound Library purchase|Antiinfection Compound Library manufacturer|Antiinfection Compound Library research buy|Antiinfection Compound Library order|Antiinfection Compound Library chemical structure|Antiinfection Compound Library datasheet|Antiinfection Compound Library supplier|Antiinfection Compound Library in vitro|Antiinfection Compound Library cell line|Antiinfection Compound Library concentration|Antiinfection Compound Library clinical trial|Antiinfection Compound Library cell assay|Antiinfection Compound Library screening|Antiinfection Compound Library high throughput|Anti-infection Compound high throughput screening| genes) but also some non perennial plants as arabidopsis (26,000 genes) (Tuskan et al. 2006). Despite the duplication events, many of these genes are orphan (i.e. there is no equivalent in other species), suggesting that trees may have vastly different metabolic activities compared to other species, even photosynthetically active herbaceous species. The recent

deciphering of the poplar genome revealing a higher gene complexity in trees, the increasingly harsh environmental and biotic constraints that plants are experiencing linked to global warming and pollution have led us to propose a special issue of Photosynthesis Research with the topic ‘Stress in Trees, the Poplar Model’. Many colleagues have enthusiastically endorsed this project and contributed. This special issue contains seven different articles that all deal with poplar, photosynthesis and stress. ifoxetine In an article entitled ‘Isoprene emission

Selleckchem Temsirolimus protects photosynthesis in sunfleck exposed Grey poplar’, Behnke and colleagues have combined transient temperature and light stress and analysed photosynthetic gas exchange in grey poplar which has been genetically modified in isoprene emission capacity. They demonstrate that the ability to emit isoprene is crucial to maintain photosynthesis when exposed to sunflecks and provide also experimental evidence indicating that the antioxidant system is adjusted in isoprene non-emitting poplars. The second article by Silim et al. is entitled ‘Temperature responses of photosynthesis and respiration in Populus balsamifera L.: acclimation versus adaptation’. They have investigated photosynthesis and respiration parameters in poplar cultivars collected from warm and cool habitats and grown at warm and cool temperatures. They conclude that primary carbon metabolism clearly acclimates to growth temperature in P.