Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided among four groups: group A, normal diet; group B, normal diet plus T-2 toxin; group C, low-nutrition diet; and group D, low-nutrition diet plus T-2 toxin exposure. The radiographic and histopathological changes in the tibial growth Dehydrogenase inhibitor zone, plate cartilage and metaphysis were examined.
Results: In group D, all epiphyseal plates were blurred, thin, and irregular. Tibias were significantly shorter in group D than in groups A and B. After 4 weeks, epiphyseal plates showed chondrocyte necrosis, with the more obvious necrosis appearing in groups
C and D. The positive rate of lamellar necrosis was significantly higher in group D than in groups B and A (P < 0.01). In group D, metaphyseal trabecular bone was sparse, disordered, and disrupted, and massive transverse trabecular bone appeared in the metaphysis at 12 weeks.
Conclusions: A rat model of KBD induced by a low-nutrition diet and T-2 toxin exposure demonstrated radiographic and histopathological abnormalities of the proximal epiphyseal plate and the tibial metaphysis that are very similar to the bone changes
found in patients with KBD. This animal model will be helpful for further study of the pathogenesis and prevention of KBD. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Osteoarthritis Vactosertib Research Society International.”
“SETTING: Damien Foundation Bangladesh tuberculosis (TB) control projects.
OBJECTIVES: To compare 25% sulphuric acid in water (H(2)SO(4)) with hydrochloric acid in water
(HCl) to differentiate acid-fast bacilli in sputum smears stained Tozasertib ic50 with 1% carbolfuchsin.
DESIGN: For 1 year, all 158 microscopy laboratories used either H(2)SO(4) or 3 %/6%/10% HCl for their routine work, alternating monthly between H(2)SO(4) and HCl. Each month a sample of five smears per laboratory was rechecked blind. After recording qualitative staining aspects, all sample smears were restained before rechecking, using H(2)SO(4) for destaining.
RESULTS: A total of 368 059 H(2)SO(4) and 335 436 HCl smears were routinely read, yielding 7.2% positive or scanty results in both groups. Of these, 9492 were rechecked. There was no difference in false-negatives detected (0.66%, 95%CI 0.44-0.95 for H(2)SO(4) vs. 0.68%, 95%CI 0.46-0.98 for HCl), but apparently there were more false-positives with H(2)SO(4) (2.12%, 95%CI 0.92-4.14 vs. 0.28%, 95%CI 0.00-1.54, P = 0.05). Qualitatively, only 3% HCl yielded significantly inferior differentiation results.
CONCLUSIONS: HCl 6-10% in water can be recommended for Ziehl-Neelsen destaining above H(2)SO(4).