Maxillary resections are treated with prosthodonic obturators as they are in primary cancer surgery. Reconstruciton of oral bisphosphonate-induced

osteonecrosis defects usually takes the form of alveolar grafting and/or dental implant placements, and only rarely requires grafting of continuity defects. Standard grafting techniques and dental implant placements can be used if guided by the published serum C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) test. The guidelines are less than 100 pg/mL = high risk, 100 pg/mL to 150 mg/mL = moderate risk, and greater than 150 pg/mL = minimal risk. (C) 2009 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67:107-119, 2009, Suppl 1″
“Microstructures selleck compound of front-side Ag contact of crystalline Si solar cells fired at temperatures from below to above optimal were systematically investigated using advanced electron

microscopy. Ag pastes studied included commercial pastes and an experimental paste containing nano-sized metallic Zn additive. Microstructures of https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gw4869.html optimally fired cells determined from cross-sectional and top-view images were found to be consistent with a primary tunneling mechanism for current flow (a “”nano-Ag colloids assisted tunneling”" model) due to the lack of Ag crystallites connecting the silver conductor line to the silicon emitter. We mapped the evolution of the interfacial microstructures across the firing temperature window and correlated it with cell performance. Our result sheds light on the relative importance of the two current transport models as the peak firing temperature was swept from below to above optimal.

(C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3642956]“
“Biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film accounts for a large amount of polypropylene since it is well suited for food packaging films or industrial films, because of its high performance in terms of mechanical and optical properties. Recently machine speed has been increasing to obtain higher production rate and film thickness has become thinner Selleck Pitavastatin to reduce the environmental load. To meet the demands, many researchers have been investigating stretchability of PP by connecting the stretching force at the yield point and crystalline structure. Many other studies have been conducted regarding the surface structure of BOPP. Although there were some cases that crater-like film surface roughness was formed on BOPP films, the formation mechanism of craters has not been clarified. In this report, new hypothesis of the crater-like film surface roughness formation mechanism is proposed by observing the transformation of crater from sheet to BOPP film and by investigating the relationship between the stressstrain curve and surface roughness change. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.