Ian A. Rowe B.Sc., M.B., Ch.B., M.R.C.P.(UK)* † ‡, Matthew J. Armstrong M.B., Ch.B., M.R.C.P.† ‡, Diarmaid D. Houlihan M.B., Ch.B.† ‡, * Hepatitis C Virus Research Group, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, † Center for Liver Research and NHR Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, ‡ Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. “
“Ascites

is the most common complication of cirrhosis and in adults it is associated with 50% mortality at 5 years if patients do not receive a liver transplant. The occurrence of hyponatremia in these patients has been associated with increased mortality on the waiting list. The importance of serum sodium levels and the presence of ascites in the pediatric Palbociclib supplier setting remain to be clarified. A retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with cirrhosis on the transplant http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Cilomilast(SB-207499).html list was carried out

between October 2000 and February 2012. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association of pretransplant variables with mortality within 90 days following the inclusion of patients on the waiting list. In all, 522 patients were included in the study; 345 (66%) patients were under 1 year of age; 208 (40%) of the children presented ascites. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted and total bilirubin (P < 0.001, hazard ratio [HR] = 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.35-3.21), MCE international normalized ratio (INR) (P < 0.001, HR = 9.83, 95% CI = 4.51-21.45), serum sodium levels (P = 0.03, HR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.92-0.99), ascites (P = 0.001, HR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.44-4.64), and categorized age (0-1 versus ≥1 year old) (P = 0.025, HR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.11-4.86) were independently associated with risk of death in 90 days. Malnutrition (Z score height/age, weight/age) and serum albumin (pediatric endstage liver disease [PELD] formula) were not included in the final model.

Conclusion: The presence of ascites and serum sodium levels are important variables associated with decreased patient survival while candidates wait for a liver graft. Multicenter studies are necessary to validate these findings in order to improve current allocation policies based on the PELD score. (Hepatology 2014;59:1964–1971) “
“Based on the recently established role for the master coregulator MTA1 and MTA1-containing nuclear remodeling complexes in oncogenesis and inflammation, we explored the links between parasitism by the carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini and this coregulator using both an Mta1−/− mouse model of infection and a tissue microarray of liver fluke–induced human cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs). Intense foci of inflammation and periductal fibrosis in the liver and kidneys of wild-type Mta1+/+ mice were evident at 23 days postinfection with O. viverrini. In contrast, little inflammatory response was observed in the same organs of infected Mta1−/− mice.