Olweus's description of school bullying, recognizing it as an abuse of power and a transgression of human rights, laid the fundamental groundwork for subsequent research and the impetus for actions to combat this concerning issue. The importance of scrutinizing abuses of power, as this review points out, transcends the specific setting of a school environment, extending to encompass all human relationships and society as a whole.

US youth, adolescents, and adults experience the ramifications of cyberbullying, which can manifest in various settings. Academic research concerning cyberbullying frequently highlights the issue's prevalence among K-12 students. Though some academic work explores cyberbullying targeting adults, there exists a limited body of research focusing on cyberbullying specifically within the adult higher education community. In the realm of research exploring cyberbullying in higher education, a notable number of studies specifically address cyberbullying incidents among students enrolled in colleges. While student experiences of cyberbullying in the university context are often highlighted, the parallel struggles of university faculty who have experienced similar online harassment from students, colleagues, or administrators are significantly less discussed. The phenomenon of cyberbullying against faculty members, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, is understudied. This study, using qualitative methodologies, aims to fill this gap by delving into the lived experiences of faculty members who have been targets of cyberbullying. From a disempowerment theory perspective, researchers recruited a diverse cohort of 25 university faculty members across the US, who reported being victims of online cyberbullying. The study's methodology involves analyzing the interview responses of participants in order to highlight recurring experiences of faculty members and establish common themes around cyberbullying in the academic environment, specifically related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research team applied disempowerment theory with the aim of supporting the thematic analysis. Aging Biology The current article, in addition, provides potential solutions to help faculty members work within virtual learning environments. The practical application of the study's findings is essential for faculty, administrators, and stakeholders in higher education institutions looking to develop research-based approaches to address cyberbullying issues on their campuses.

This short viewpoint investigates the function and additional worth of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their corresponding institutional frameworks in the international governance of fossil fuel subsidies and their transformation. It proposes that, whilst some progress has been made, notably in formulating a methodology for defining and assessing fossil fuel subsidies, countries have not significantly acted upon this through indicator reporting and their Voluntary National Reviews. In spite of this, the SDGs can unveil the multifaceted sustainable development considerations surrounding fossil fuel subsidies, supporting ongoing initiatives for transparency and thus contributing to national-level reform efforts.

Through a comparative study of the Republic of Korea and Singapore, this research examines the causes for the diminished effectiveness of domestic policies aimed at combating transboundary air pollution. Environmental cooperation agreements and domestic measures, while implemented, have not prevented the yearly recurrence of heavy smog in both Korea and Singapore. Previous academic work has focused on intergovernmental cooperation in the context of transboundary air pollution mitigation, but this research emphasizes the internal factors that affect policy implementation processes within individual nations. In the case studies of Korea and Singapore, how do domestic variables impact the governmental policies related to environmental cooperation agreements? Using a process-tracing methodology, I investigated the intricate interplay of domestic stakeholders from the late 1990s through 2019. Through an analysis of domestic political theory, I observe that internal political factors, intertwined with the interests of various stakeholders, have constrained the success of policies aimed at improving poor air quality. The long-run efficacy of regional environmental cooperation initiatives is profoundly impacted by the domestic political arena, as evidenced by this finding.

Among global causes of irreversible blindness, glaucoma ranks prominently if untreated. Based on the nature of the medications and substantial practitioner support, including sufficient information and encouragement, satisfaction emerges as a multifaceted outcome. In order to encourage unwavering patient participation in their long-term medical care, evaluating their contentment is essential.
To evaluate patient satisfaction with topical glaucoma medications, along with associated factors, among glaucoma patients at Gondar University's Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center in Northwest Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study of glaucoma patients, conducted at Gondar University Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, encompassed 395 individuals between June 30th and August 27th, 2021, within the hospital setting. dermal fibroblast conditioned medium Data was entered into Epi Info version 7, and afterward exported to SPSS version 26 software for the subsequent analysis. A binary logistic regression model served to uncover the variables significantly correlated with patient satisfaction concerning topical anti-glaucoma medications. A p-value of less than 0.05 was the threshold for determining statistical significance.
A total of 395 study subjects, boasting a response rate of 9338%, took part in the study. Topical anti-glaucoma medication elicited a level of satisfaction quantified at 625%, encompassing a confidence interval of 575% to 678%. A key factor in patient satisfaction was the absence of ocular side effects (AOR=539, 95% CI 235-1237), as well as the absence of ocular surface diseases (AOR=412, 95% CI 169-1009).
A substantial proportion of the study group, surpassing 50%, expressed their contentment with the topical anti-glaucoma medications. The absence of ocular surface diseases and ocular side effects showed a strong correlation with patients' satisfaction regarding their anti-glaucoma medication.
The topical anti-glaucoma medications proved satisfactory to over half of the individuals participating in the study. It was found that the lack of both ocular side effects and ocular surface diseases had a substantial influence on patient satisfaction related to their anti-glaucoma medication.

The unique pressures stemming from sexual and gender identities, impacting lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, transgender people, and those who identify as queer, place a considerable burden on the mental health of LGBTQ+ individuals. In spite of this, these minority stressors impacting LGBTQ+ individuals from Spain have not been the subject of any prior studies. BI-2865 clinical trial Due to the paucity of standardized Spanish-language instruments for measuring minority stressors, research into these experiences among Spanish-speaking individuals faces significant limitations. The present research sought to analyze the factor structure of the Daily Heterosexist Experiences Questionnaire (DHEQ) within a Spanish LGBTQ+ population, to compare the prevalence of minority stressors across diverse gender identities and sexual orientations, and to evaluate the relationship between daily heterosexist experiences and symptoms of depression and suicidal behavior. Among the study participants were 509 LGBTQ+ identifying adults, aged between 18 and 60 years. The DHEQ scale's six dimensions demonstrated an acceptable fit in the confirmatory factor analysis. Transgender individuals and those with minority sexual orientations, including asexual and pansexual identities, demonstrated greater exposure to heterosexist experiences. Subsequently, individuals who encountered higher levels of heterosexist attitudes concurrently experienced increased instances of depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. The current study furnishes a means of exploring minority stressors amongst Spanish-speaking LGBTQ+ adults. A method for identifying risk and protective factors in LGBTQ+ treatment-seeking adults is to assess the presence of minority stressors.

Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) and intimate partner homicide against women (IPHAW) encompass a multitude of contributing factors. This research sought to delineate typologies of Spanish victims of IPHAW and IPVAW, focusing on variations in their traits and the elements driving aggressive behavior. The Spanish Integral Monitoring System in Cases of Gender Violence provided 381 cases for the sample. The researchers selected a semi-structured interview as their data-gathering instrument. Results of the study exhibited differences among IPHAW and IPVAW victims. Latent class analysis identified a three-profile model: 1. Fatal victims showed low neuroticism, isolation, and loneliness, with reduced reconciliation, low risk perception, and low suicidal thoughts; 2. Non-fatal victims faced challenges of loved one loss and caregiver stress, having low psychoticism and alcohol use yet high loneliness, risk perception, and suicidal ideation; 3. The mixed profile demonstrated high neuroticism, psychoticism, alcohol abuse, isolation, and frequent reconciliation, lacking bereavement and caregiver-related stress. By discerning the differences between IPHAW and IPVAW victims, we can craft more specific instruments for risk assessment and develop more personalized prevention and treatment approaches. Police work is also aided by this, enabling more precise victim identification and the implementation of enhanced protective measures.

KID-PROTEKT's child-centred psychosocial healthcare intervention approach aims to improve the identification and management of children's psychosocial needs within the outpatient gynaecological and paediatric environment. We investigated, in a cluster-randomized controlled trial, the impact of KID-PROTEKT on referrals to support services, evaluating its effect relative to normal gynaecologic and paediatric outpatient health care. The regular healthcare approach (treatment as usual, TAU) was measured against two treatment variations: one that prioritized the qualification of the healthcare professionals (qualified treatment, QT), and another supported by the involvement of social workers (supported treatment, ST).