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“Background and Purpose: Ureteral stents are being used exceedingly in the field of urology, and with advancements in endourology, this trend is increasing. Bacterial colonization and proliferation on the stent surface may result in urinary tract infections (UTIs) necessitating the administration of antibiotics that, in turn, may lead to the development

of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Several studies have shown that sustained release varnish (SRV) combined with antibiotics or antiseptics can prevent the proliferation of bacteria on urethral catheters. This is the first study that evaluates this technique implemented on ureteral stents.

Materials and Methods: We evaluated growth inhibition on ureteral stent segments SBC-115076 molecular weight coated with chlorhexidine (CHX) 1% SRV. The tests were conducted using common urinary pathogens: Enterococci, Pseudomonas, and Escherichia coli. Coated stent segments were inserted into bacterial suspensions.

Controls included uncoated stent segments and stents coated with placebo SRV (without CHX).

Results: Bacterial growth measured as turbidity and as colony-forming units showed a significant inhibition PLX3397 cost effect of initial bacteria adhesion to the CHX-SRV coated stent segments compared with the controls (P < 0.001). This inhibitory effect was apparent in each of the bacteria tested and was confirmed by inspection of the stent segments under an electron microscope. In a kinetic experiment using CHX 2% SRV, we were able to prolong the growth inhibition effect from 1 week to nearly 2 weeks.

Conclusions: We believe this technique find more may play a significant role in reducing ureteral stent-associated UTIs. Further studies are needed before this approach can be implemented in clinical practice.”
“An economic liquid growth medium was synthesised for high-rate production of cellular mass, lactic acid and bacteriocin in lactobacilli. Three lactobacilli that are applied extensively in industry-Lactobacillus casei NCIMB 11970,

Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 8014, Lactobacillus lactis NCIMB 8586-were chosen to test the medium’s efficiency. These bacteria are chemoorganotrophs requiring rich, complex media for optimum growth. Contrary to the current practice of formulating a strain-specific medium, we attempted to prepare a universal broth that would allow easy formulation and optimisation. Man de Rogosa Sharp (MRS) medium, which can support the growth of lactobacilli, was found unsuitable for use in large quantities due to its high cost of preparation and its use of beef extract and peptone from poultry as nitrogen sources, which are not environmentally friendly and have potential health risks. The developed medium supported the growth of all the three bacteria equally, offering good maximum yields and incorporating only the chemical compounds needed, resulting in an improvement in the growth rate of the bacilli of between 50 % and 241 % compared to the same strains grown on MRS.