15, P<.001, partial η2=.28). Within-group post hoc testing revealed that the posterolateral hip exercise group exhibited a significant decrease in pain from baseline to postintervention (t=14.62, P<.001) and from baseline to 6-month follow-up (t=12.02, P<.001). The quadriceps exercise group also demonstrated a significant decrease in pain from baseline to postintervention (t=11.10, P<.001) and from baseline to 6-month follow-up (t=7.21, P<.001). Between-group Selleckchem CDK inhibitor post hoc testing revealed that the VAS scores were lower in the posterolateral hip exercise group than the quadriceps exercise
group postintervention (t=1.823, P=.039) and at 6-month follow-up (t=2.80, P>.004) ( table 3). The ANOVA evaluating the WOMAC scores between groups across the 3 time points also revealed a significant group by time interaction (F=9.76, P<.001, partial η2=.22). Within-group post hoc testing revealed that the posterolateral hip exercise group exhibited a significant improvement in health status from baseline to postintervention (t=8.33, P<.001) and from baseline to 6-month follow-up (t=7.93, P<.001).
The quadriceps exercise group also demonstrated a significant improvement in health status from baseline to postintervention (t=8.91, P<.001) and from baseline MK-2206 molecular weight to 6-month follow-up (t=6.21, P<.001). Between-group post hoc testing revealed that the WOMAC scores were lower in the posterolateral hip exercise group than the quadriceps exercise group postintervention (t=3.91, P<.001) and at 6-month follow-up (t=4.51, P<.001) (see table 3). Historically, the etiology of PFP has been attributed to impairments
in quadriceps muscle performance.4, 5, 6 and 7 As such, strengthening the quadriceps muscles has been widely advocated as the treatment of choice for PFP.8 Over the last decade, there has been an emergence of research suggesting that PFP may have proximal origins. In particular, excessive hip adduction and internal rotation has been reported to contribute to abnormal patellofemoral joint loading.17 and 18 Furthermore, recent publications have shown that hip strengthening is a viable treatment option in this population.15, 16, 24, 25, Lepirudin 26 and 31 Given the multifactorial nature of PFP, optimal treatments for this condition remain unclear. The current study sought to compare the effects of posterolateral hip muscle strengthening versus quadriceps strengthening on pain intensity and health status in patients with PFP. Both the posterolateral hip muscle strengthening program and the quadriceps strengthening program decreased pain and improved the health status in patients with PFP. Improvements in both groups were maintained at 6-month follow-up. The mean postintervention changes in VAS and WOMAC scores for the hip exercise group were 5.5 and 40.6, respectively, whereas the changes for the quadriceps exercise group were 3.6 and 22.2, respectively.