2009a). Lophiotrema Sacc., Michelia 1: 338 (1878). (Pleosporales, genera incertae sedis) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic. Ascomata small- to medium-sized, with or without short papilla. Hamathecium of dense, long, septate pseudoparaphyses, anastomosing and branching between and above asci. Asci cylindrical to cylindro-clavate. Ascospores hyaline, 1–3-septate, usually with mucilaginous sheath. Anamorphs reported for genus: none. Literature: Barr 1990a; Chesters and Bell 1970; Holm and Holm 1988; Saccardo 1878a; Tanaka and Harada PF299 manufacturer 2003c; Tang et al. 2003; Yuan and Zhao 1994. Type species

Lophiotrema nucula (Fr.) Sacc., Michelia 1: 338 (1878). (Fig. 52) Fig. 52 Lophiotrema nucula (from UPS, lectotype). a Ascomata on the host surface. b Section

of a partial ascoma. c Peridium structure near the apex. d, h Cylindrical asci in the pseudoparaphyses. e, f Upper part of the asci, showing the small GSK3326595 cell line ocular chamber near the apex. h Mature ascospores. i Pseudoparaphyses. Scale bars: a = 0.5 mm, b = 100 μm, c, d = 30 μm, e–i = 10 μm ≡ Sphaeria nucula Fr., Syst. mycol. (Lundae) 2: 466 (1823). Ascomata 200–240 μm high × 200–280 μm diam., scattered, erumpent to nearly superficial, with basal wall remaining immersed in host tissue, globose to subglobose, often laterally flattened, with a flattened base not easily removed from the substrate, black, roughened; AR-13324 with a cylindrical or slightly compressed papilla. Papilla to 120 μm long and 150 μm high, protruding, with a pore-like ostiole (Fig. 52a). Peridium 25–30 μm wide, very thin at the base, composed of heavily pigmented pseudoparenchymatous cells near the apex, cells 2–2 × 6 μm diam., wall 1–3(−4) μm thick, lower sides composed of pigmented cells of textura angularis, 3–5 μm diam., wall 0.8–1.5 μm thick, ostiole wall composed of heavily pigmented and thick-walled small cells Cell press (Fig. 52b and c). Hamathecium of dense, long, septate

pseudoparaphyses, 1–2 μm broad, anastomosing and branching between and above asci, embedded in mucilage (Fig. 52i). Asci 90–115 × 9–11.5 μm (\( \barx = 99.5 \times 11.5\mu m \); n = 10), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical, with a short, narrowed, furcate pedicel which is up to 10 μm long, with a small ocular chamber (ca. 1.5 μm wide × 1 μm high) (J-) (Fig. 52d, e, f and h). Ascospores 17–21(−25) × (4-)5–6.5 μm (\( \barx = 19.5 \times 5.5\mu m \), n = 10), obliquely uniseriate and partially overlapping to biseriate, broadly fusoid to fusoid, with narrowly rounded ends, hyaline and lightly pigmented on very rare occasions when senescent, 1-septate, 3-septate when old, constricted at the median septum, the upper cell often broader than the lower one (Fig. 52g). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: on decaying wood (UPS, lectotype as Sphaeria nucula Fr.).